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KMID : 0369820120420040165
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Jorunal of Korean Pharmaceutical Sciences
2012 Volume.42 No. 4 p.165 ~ p.170
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Evaluation of biomechanical and histological properties of corrosive chemical burns
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Choi Yun-Cho
Jang Yoon-Kyung
Lee Cho Ae-Ri
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Abstract
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This study was aimed to prepare a standard experimental chemical burns and evaluate biomechanical and histological properties. As a model corrosive acid burns, sulfuric acid burns were made on the peritoneal part of the rabbit ear with diameter 8 mm by varing sulfuric acid concentrations (1, 2, 18.8 M) and inflicted time (20, 40, 60 and 120 s). The progress of the chemical injury was evaluated for 3 weeks by macroscopic and microscopic observation. Degree of regeneration of damaged epidermis and dermis and presence of infected cells and arrangements of collagen were investigated. Histology of 18.8 M sulfuric acid for 20 s burns showed epidermal necrosis, diffuse vascular infiltrate and collagen degeneration at the level of the papillary dermis, which is a characteristic of a deep dermal burn. The stress?strain curves of normal skin, 18.8 M sulfuric acid treated wound, 6 mm surgical biopsy punch wound and at 21 days post wound were evaluated. As tensile strength measures the ability of matrix to withstand rupture, as the damage from corrosive acid chemical involved wider and deep skin area with permanent damage, the healing could not be processed complete and showed less than 16 % of tensile strength (0.05 ± 0.01 N/mm2) as compared with those of normal skin (0.31 ± 0.08 N/mm2). The sulfuric acid inflicted wound showed flatter, reflecting the small magnitude of their moduli of elasticity. The elasticity constant for sulfuric acid treated skin (1.46 ± 0.17 N/mm) is only 25 % of those of normal skin (5.87 ± 2.14 N/mm). Surgical punch wound showed higher tensile strength (0.10 ± 0.02 N/mm2) and elasticity constant (4.19 ± 0.47 N/mm) than those of corrosive chemical acid burns. In conclusion, the proposed sulfuric acid burn condition (18.8 M, 20 s) could be employed as a useful corrosive chemical wound model. The degree of damage induced by corrosive acid chemicals is more significant than surgical full thickness wound and was dependent on the concentration and treatment time. By controlling the burn condition, the extent of damage could be designed. Biomechanical and histological study demonstrated that the corrosive acid burns induced full thickness permanent dermal injury and significant losses in tensile strength and elasticity modulus.
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KEYWORD
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Corrosive acid burns, Sulfuric acid, Biomechanical property, Histology
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